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National System of Education in NPE – 1986

The National Policy on Education (NPE) of 1986, revised in 1992, aimed to promote a unified and integrated education system in India, with a focus on quality, equity, and accessibility. One of the key features of the NPE-1986 was the concept of a National System of Education, designed to provide uniformity, equity, and quality in education across the country.


Key Features of the National System of Education (NSE) in NPE – 1986

  1. Common Structure of Education
    • The NPE-1986 proposed a common educational structure throughout the country, which was based on 10+2+3 system:
      • 10 years of general education (elementary and secondary education).
      • 2 years of higher secondary education.
      • 3 years of undergraduate education leading to a bachelor’s degree.
    • This system aimed to standardize educational stages and make them comparable across states.
  2. Focus on Equity and Inclusion
    • The policy emphasized providing educational opportunities to all, especially to marginalized groups such as Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), women, and children from economically weaker sections.
    • Measures were introduced to bridge disparities in educational access across regions, communities, and gender.
  3. Flexibility and Autonomy
    • The NSE aimed to create a flexible system of education that would cater to the diverse needs of learners across the country.
    • It allowed for the adoption of different educational approaches suited to regional contexts, thereby encouraging local participation and decision-making.
  4. Quality of Education
    • Ensuring quality in education was a major concern, with a focus on curriculum development, teaching methodologies, and teacher training. The policy aimed at developing students’ critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills.
  5. Integration of Traditional and Modern Knowledge
    • The NSE promoted the integration of traditional Indian knowledge systems with modern scientific and technological education, fostering a holistic educational framework.
  6. Decentralization of Education
    • The policy recommended the decentralization of educational administration to ensure better access, management, and accountability at the local level.
    • It promoted the establishment of regional councils for education to ensure that educational needs specific to various areas were met.

Impact and Implementation

  • The NPE-1986 and the concept of the National System of Education laid the foundation for significant reforms in the Indian education system.
  • It led to the creation of National Board of Education and State Education Boards, helping in the regulation and standardization of education across states.
  • However, while the framework was ambitious, its implementation faced challenges, particularly in terms of funding, infrastructure, and achieving uniform quality across states.

The National System of Education under the NPE-1986 was a visionary attempt to create a cohesive and inclusive education framework in India, ensuring equitable access to quality education for all citizens. Though challenges remain, the policy laid the groundwork for future educational reforms and efforts toward national integration and educational equality.

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